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Full text of ' i /^ (9-^^ a. / ^ J^ie^att^;H, CHROfi&LES OF THE COUNTY 'WEXFOED, BEING A RECORD OF MEMORABLE INCIDENTS, DISASTERS, SOCIAL OCCURRENCES, AND CRIMES, ALSO, BIOGRAPHIES OF EMINENT PERSONS, &c., &c., BEOUOHT DOWN TO THE YEAR 1877, C03IPILED BY GEORGE GRIFFITHS, EDITOR OF THE CO. FFEXFORD ^LAUN.-IC JXD DIRECTORY. PRINTED AT THE ^^ WATCHMAN' OFFICE, jBLANEY PLACE, ENNISCORTHY. ^^♦^ ^/li (i^^C^^ z^^'Jh^^^^'^? Ib^Uio TO THE READER. In offering this volume to the Public I do not in the least presume to be considered an Author, mj onlj object being to preserve — in a condensed form — a Re- cord of events, (so far as they have come within mj knowledge,) that have happened in, or were connected with, the County of Wexford.
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Having heard at various times during the last quar- ter of a century that different parties were about to publish a History of the County, I was in hope that such would have appeared ere ^this. Finding however that up to the present I have been disappointed, I now lay before the Public a Record of Events which I have collected from time to time during my leisure hours, in the hope that at some future day there may be found some abler pen patriotic enough to write the History of our Ancient County, and that my rambhng notes may be of some service. In my collection will be found short Memoirs of County Wexford men, and men who have been con- nected with the County, who have made their mark at home, or in many parts of the globe, by their good and noble deeds, the record of which would have pe- rished but for the attempt I now make to hand their names down to posterity, with the fervent wish that tlieir remarkable lives may be an inducement and en- couragement to many another Wexfordian to emulate their good deeds. As it was in the days of ' The Spectator/' so it is I fear at the present time; the Public seldom read a book until they know whether its Author or Compiler be ' Orange' or ' Green'; ' Whig' or ' Tory.'
In this volume I have endeavoured to avoid any partiality to either side, and have given the Records as they came to my hand, without note or comment, knowing full well that there are many good and amiable men of all parties, though in some of their actions through life they may have been led astray by party bias or rehgious zeal. But as the men of whom I treat have all passed away, we can took back on their deeds with calmness and charity, and endeavour to avoid their errors.
In publishing this work I have adopted a different course from those who generally publish books, for I have sought neither patronage nor support from the noble or great, nor can I boast of even a single Sub- scriber. I lay it before my Fellow-Countymen with all its faults — and they are many — as the production of a Working Man's Leisure Hours, well knowing that they will give it a fair and impartial judgement, and there- fore on their verdict it must stand or fall. GEORGE GRIFFITHS. Enniscorthy, INTRODUCTION. The County of Wexford being tlie first place in Ireland in which the Anglo -Norman Invaders landed and made a settlement, is it not extraordinary that we have not a con- nected History, giving some accurate account of their pro- ceedings in this County? To the Student of Local History all that remain are a few scattered fragments here and there — most of them traditionary — nothing reliable — of an event that was of such vital importance to this country, in- volving as it did, a total change in its laws, manners, and customs, and subjecting it to the conqueror for a period extending over seven centuries.
The only vestige that now remains in this County of the Strongbownian invaders are their grand old Forts or Castles. There is not even a grave- stone left to mark the last resting place of any one mem- ber of all the great Families that once inhabited those Castles, with one single exception, that of the Whittys, of Ballyteigue, whose mural monument stands in the old ruined Church of Kilmore. After duly considering this mat- ter, and endeavouring to find out some cause to account for it, we have arrived at the conclusion that their tombs must have been destroyed along with their Places of Worship, by the soldiers of the ruthless Cromwell; but we have no reliable information on the subject, and only offer this as our solution of an extraordinary fact. Whilst on this subject we may mention that the oldest tombstone, perhaps in the County, and still perfect, is in the ruins of the Church of Tacumshane, barony of Forth. It is of fine marble, and lies even with the ground in the angle of the Sanctuary, and on the Gospel side of the Altar.
It is remarkable for a deeply cut floriated Cross down the centre, and for having one line of inscription in raised let- ters alonj^ the left hand side and half-way across the bot- torn. The letters are.
Black Letter/' and tke langnage Latin, very much abbreviated — and what long made it very unintelligible to many was that the reader could only see the letters reversed, as the wall occupied the place where he ought to stand. The following is the inscription unabbreviated: — Hic iacet Doms. Johannes Ingram quon- dam Rectoe istius Ecclesi^ cujus anim^ tu Almi miseke Deus.
There is no date. The name Ligram is not known among the Strongbownian Colonists. The architectural style of the building appears to be that of between 1400 and 1450, and that of the inscription about the same age.
The probability seems to be the Doms. Ingram was Parish Priest, for at that period all Clergj^men of the rank of Eector or Parish Priest were styled ' Sirs,' not ' Rev.' Father — and that during his life time the Church was erected, and that after his death he was buried in his own sanctuary. We believe that the lands of the greater portion of the County Wexford were confiscated no less than three or four times.
From the Report of the Commissioners appointed to inquire into the Forfeited Estates in Ireland in 1699, we learn that at that time alone there were 55,882 acres of land in this county confiscated. Bearing this in mind, is it not wonderful to find at the present day, that the de- scendants of the first Invaders aie still located in the places of their first settlement — the Furlongs, Waddings, Prendergasts, Hays, Barry s, and Walshes, and side by side with them now dwell in peace the Kavanaghs, Murphys, Connors, Byrnes, O'Toole's, and Breens, whose ancestors so long and so fiercely disputed the intrusion of these strangers amongst them. With what love and veneration they must have held on, through so many changes, to the place of their nativity — the land that gave them birth — for we find not only the Surnames, but even the very Christian names of the ancient invaders, seated round the Castles where their ancestors once held sway, and were looked up to as the rulers or lords of the district. To a close ob- server this is more particularly noticeable in the Baronies of Forth and Barg', and in the course of the following pages this fact will be fully verified by extracts from legal dorAiments and other ancient records still extant. During our investigations and search after old Eecords and Documents, we have frequently enquired of Clergy- men and Gentlemen from different parts of the County, if they knew of any such existing in their neighbourhood. The answer was invariably ' No'; they never knew nor heard of any.
By the merest chance, when we were about committing this work to the Press, we learned that there were Vestry or Parish Records existing in the Parish of Mulrankin for upwards of One Hundred years, and these we believe to be the oldest Records existing in the county. We suppose them to be of no great public importance, or else the ready pen of the late Parish Minister, the Rev. William Hickey, (Martin Doyle,) would have made them known.
We know that the Vestry or Parish Records of Wexford and Enniscorth^ were destroyed in the unfortu- nate 3'ear of 1798, and we believe also those of New Ross and Gorey, as well as of many other parishes. In the latter part of the Reign of George III., a Royal Commission was issued to examine into the state of the Public Records in Ireland. This Commission, from all we can learn, appears to have performed their duties in a most satisfactory manner, so far as related to the Records then in existence in the Government and Public Offices in the city of Dublin, and the Counties and Boroughs of Ireland. Prom their inquiries we can learn the truth concerning the Records of our County. The Commissioners apj)lied to every Public Office in Ireland, that was supposed to have the custody of any Records. In answer to them, the then Clerk of the Peace for the County of Wexford, James Lee, states — ' That all the Records, of every kind and descrip- tion, belonging to the Clerk of the Peace's Office of tlie County of Wexford, were destroyed in the Rebellion of 1798.' The earliest Record he had was a list of Free- holders of the County, commenced on the lOth day of January, 1800.
Thomas Jones, Town Clerk of Wexford, in reply to the Commissioners, state — ' In the late Rebel- lion, the whole of the Books and Manuscripts relative to his office were destrcry^ed.' It is soin3wliat curious that botli those gentlemen complain very mach to the Commissioners of their small salaries. Lee says that the gross amount of his yearly salary was £354 Is. 4id., out of which he had to pay a Clerk, &3. Joxes says, 'he holds office by election of the Corporation, at a small sa- lary, paid out of their funds.'
^ Robert Rogers, Re- corder of New Ross, replied to the Commissioners, ' that he had no records belonging to his office,' nor did he imagine that any degree of utility would result to the public from the same Records.' So thought Mr. The Corporation or Town Commissioners of New Ross ap- pear to be the only public body in the County Wexford that are possessed of any ancient Records of their proceed- ings; these Records date back for upwards of Two Hun- dred years. Thomas Bbidsox, Registrar of the Diocese of Ferns, in his reply to the Commissioners, stated that he had in his possession proved Wills from 1650, and others prior to that date, but not legible; some Manuscript Books; three Books commencing about 1618 up to the years 1714 and 1728, containing copies of Wills, Entries of Marriage Licenses, Copies of Leases, Examination of Witnesses, Letters Patent, Acts of Council, &c.
Bridson also sets forth other Books that he had. He relates one fact. Mr. Jones may hare had a small salary, but it is evident to us of the present day that he was able to recompense himself otherwise, for his descendants or heirs now enjoy a considerable profit rent out of Corporation lands of which he obtained good long leases at a low figure.
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We must suppose there was jobbing in those days. Jones was of a most penurious disposition, and for ever complaining of the smallness of his salary. At that time the Corporation had the care of the Town Clock, and it being cut of reppir, a certain Captain of Militia, who ha3 a slight impediment iu his speech, was a member of the Corporation, and proposed at one of their meetings that £30 be allowed for the repair of the Town Clock, and alluded to it as an ' old and faithful servant.' Jones, who was present, mistook the word ' Clock' for ' Clerk,' and gravely stood up and warmly returned thanks for the liberal grant of the Corporation to him for his long crifice of all Mankind's Redemption! The disruption and demoli- tion of the aforesaid Churches and Chappells were perpe- trated since and during the late Usurpation and his Go- vernment. ' The said Barony is very populous, and small Yillagea. Neere one another, and of narrow extent — hardlie any f arm containing 200 acres.,' The Native Inhabitants celebrate with singularlle pious Devotion the yearlie Festivities — or Patron Days as they term them — in the several Parishes, in honour of God and his Saints — esteeming him profane, if a constant in- habitant, who doth not on such days penitentiallie (by Confession to his spiritual Pastor) purge his conscience from Mortall Sinns, be reconciled to his neighbour, and re- verently receive the Sacred Eucharist.
On such Festivals they mutually invite their neighbouring friends and allian- ces unto their Houses, whom they cheerfullie, piouslie, and civillie entertain with variety of the best accommoda- tion the countrie can afforde, not without innocent faceti- ousness and Musical instruments — no small motive to fo- ment, indissolublie, union and amity among them. They seldom dispose of their Children in Marriage, but unto Natives, or such as will determine to reside in that Barony, so that generallie they are in consanguinity of affinity nearlie related. ' Their Apparel!
Is according to the English mode, of very fine cottoned frieze, comelie but not costlie. They generallie take moderate refrection at morning, noon, and.
Night, are very vigilante, soe that the sun noe day in the yeare, e^m reflect or surprise any professed Labourer ia^ M mornings in bed, or sleeping. Having first recommended themselves and their designs to the Divine tuition and di- rection, theypioceed in ordering their necessarie concerns. In Summer they constantlie desist from all worke about 10 o'clock — soon after dine, reposing themselves and their plough-horses until about 2 of the clock, during which time all sorts of Cattell are brought home from the fielde, and kept enclosed. In Winter they constantlie arise be- fore 5 in the mornings, applying themselves to some re- quisite domestic laborious employments. They are very precise and exact in the observances of Ecclesiasticallie en- joined Fasts — never eat Flesh on Fridays or Saturdays — abstaining from Flesh on Wednesdays until about the year 1670, they were dispensed withall, or rather commanded the contrary.
They are not inclined to debaucherie, nor exctssivelie addicted to the use of Liquor — though they make ineomparablie strong, well-relished and clear Beere and Ale, very wholesome. Neither is Aqua Yita without being there distilled, in fast colour or operation inferior not unto any known in Ireland — in the use of all which they are abstemious. If civil Society sometimes invites them into not civillie rational complacency — which to- gether with their ordinary laborious employments and manly exercises, renders them to be of good complexions, firm constitutions of health, and consequentlie to arrive at great maturity of years. ' They are, generally of an indifPerenthe tall stature — of no despicable feature — clear skinned, compactlie strong- bodied — their moderation in diet securing them from many distempers incident to other regions, occasioned by sensual exorbitancies, whereby a greater number is irrevocablie prejudiced, than violentlie by the sword perish At the decease of Neighbours and Friends, the parishioners meet, eonsolaticg the afflicted, and interring the Defunct without any ' Ululations' or clamours — or counterfeit pre- sentments of seeming sorrow.
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The Natives are ingenious, and being by Education assisted, apprehensive of the most itkitruae and exquisite Scholar-Learning, wherein many^s 45 in all ages, and instantlie, have been and are, at home and abroad in foreign parts, eminent, noe less honoured and admired for prudence and piety — neither are they stupid nor inferior in the knowledge and practice of Me- chanick Ai'ts by them professed — ever laborious and in- dustrious, especiallie in what relates to Agriculture. Averse to litigiousness, honest, real, and candid in their negotiations — affable and hospitious to civil strangers, to none voluntarilie injurious — seldome or never any rob- bery, or felony there committed — none soe remiss or lazy but endeavour to acquire a livelihood and competent sub- sistence — soe that there is hardlie any vagrant native Beggar amongst them, or that is not very impotent.